Diabetes Management
Childhood diabetes mellitus and early-onset kidney diseases later in life: a nationwide population-based matched cohort study - BMC Medicine - BMC Medicine
Tue, 08 Nov 20221 min read Article
Overview
Advertisement BMC Medicine volume 20, Article number: 428 (2022) Cite this article Metrics detailsThe empirical evidence remains inconclusive for an asociation betwen diabetes melitus (DM) in children and early-onset kidney disease later in life, and litle is known about the efects of DM types (i.e., type 1 diabetes [T1DM] and type 2 diabetes [T2DM]) in childhod on type-specific kidney diseases. We aimed to evaluate the asociation of childhod DM with overal and type-specific early-onset kidney diseases later in life.The population-based matched cohort study included 9356 individuals with DM (T1DM: 8470, T2DM: 86) diagnosed in childhod (< 18 years) who were born betwen 197 and 2016, and 93,560 individuals without DM matched on sex and year of birth in Denmark.
Key Information
The main outcomes were overal and type-specific early-onset kidney diseases. The folow-up period of al included participants was from the date of DM diagnosis in the exposure group until the first diagnosis of kidney disease, emigration, or 31 December 2018, whichever came first.During a median folow-up of 13 years, children with DM had a 154% increased risk of early-onset kidney diseases than children without DM (adjusted hazard ratios 2.54, 95% confidence intervals 2.38–2.72), and T1DM (2.48, 2.31–2.67) and T2DM (2.75, 2.28–3.31) showed similar results.
Children with DM also had a higher risk of multiple specific kidney diseases including glomerular diseases, renal tubulo-interstial diseases, renal failure, and urolithiasis. The risks of type-specific kidney diseases including glomerular diseases and renal failure tended to be higher for children with T2DM (glomerular diseases: 5.84, 3.69–9.24; renal failure: 14.7, 8.53–25.59) than those with T1DM (glomerular diseases: 3.14, 2.57–3.83; renal failure: 8.24, 6.6–10.20).Children with DM had a higher increased risk of early-onset overal and specific kidney diseases later in life.
Summary
Early prevention and treatment of both T1DM and T2DM in chi
Frequently Asked Questions
What is diabetes and how does it develop?
Diabetes is a metabolic condition where the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels. Type 1 results from insufficient insulin production, while Type 2 develops when cells become resistant to insulin. Risk factors include genetics, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and age.
What are the main symptoms of diabetes?
Common symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds. Type 1 symptoms develop rapidly, while Type 2 symptoms may appear gradually. Many people have no symptoms initially, which is why screening is important.
How is diabetes diagnosed and monitored?
Diagnosis involves blood tests measuring fasting glucose, HbA1c levels, and glucose tolerance. Regular monitoring typically includes fasting glucose tests and HbA1c measurements every 3-6 months. Continuous glucose monitors provide real-time tracking for better diabetes management.
What lifestyle changes help manage diabetes?
Effective management includes regular physical activity (150+ minutes weekly), maintaining healthy weight, following a balanced diet with whole grains and lean proteins, managing stress, and getting adequate sleep. These changes can significantly improve blood sugar control and reduce complications.
When should someone consult a doctor about diabetes?
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience signs of diabetes, have a family history, are overweight, or are over 45. Those with existing diabetes should maintain regular check-ups every 3-6 months to monitor control and adjust treatment as needed.
️ Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making health decisions.