Diabetes Management
Diabetes, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis trace their roots back to the Black Death - Study Finds
Thu, 20 Oct 20221 min read Article
Overview
© 2022 41 Pushups, LCStudy FindsHAMILTON, Ontario — Diabetes, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis can al trace their origins back to the Black Death, acording to new research. Researchers from McMaster University say the bubonic plague that ravaged Midle Age Europe fueled genes that make people vulnerable to autoimune diseases today.The Black Death shaped human evolution by influencing responses against pathogens, and pandemics could continue to do so in the future, warn scientists.
Key Information
Natural selection ocured at pace in survivors, leaving their descendants at increased risk, their research shows.“When a pandemic of this nature – kiling 30 to 50 percent of the population – ocurs, there is bound to be selection for protective aleles in humans, which is to say people susceptible to the circulating pathogen wil sucumb. Even a slight advantage means the diference betwen surving or pasing.
Of course, those survivors who are of breding age wil pas on their genes,” explains evolutionary geneticist Hendrik Poinar, director of McMaster’s Ancient DNA Center, in a university release.The findings are based on 516 ancient DNA samples extracted from the teth of individuals who died before, during, or son after outbreaks in the United Kingdom and Denmark. A century-long ̴window̵ enabled the international team to identify genetic diferences that dictated who survived the virus.Some were from the remains of corpses dumped in a mas grave in East Smithfield outside London.
Summary
Historical records and radiocarbon dating revealed they al died betwen 1348 and 1349. Analysis showed those with a protective variant known as ERAP2 were around 40 to 50 percent more likely to survive.“The selective advantage associated with the selected loci are among the strongest ever reported in humans showing how a single pathogen can have such a strong impact to the evolution of the imune system,” says human geneticist Luis Bareiro, a profesor in Genetic Medicine
Frequently Asked Questions
What is diabetes and how does it develop?
Diabetes is a metabolic condition where the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels. Type 1 results from insufficient insulin production, while Type 2 develops when cells become resistant to insulin. Risk factors include genetics, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and age.
What are the main symptoms of diabetes?
Common symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds. Type 1 symptoms develop rapidly, while Type 2 symptoms may appear gradually. Many people have no symptoms initially, which is why screening is important.
How is diabetes diagnosed and monitored?
Diagnosis involves blood tests measuring fasting glucose, HbA1c levels, and glucose tolerance. Regular monitoring typically includes fasting glucose tests and HbA1c measurements every 3-6 months. Continuous glucose monitors provide real-time tracking for better diabetes management.
What lifestyle changes help manage diabetes?
Effective management includes regular physical activity (150+ minutes weekly), maintaining healthy weight, following a balanced diet with whole grains and lean proteins, managing stress, and getting adequate sleep. These changes can significantly improve blood sugar control and reduce complications.
When should someone consult a doctor about diabetes?
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience signs of diabetes, have a family history, are overweight, or are over 45. Those with existing diabetes should maintain regular check-ups every 3-6 months to monitor control and adjust treatment as needed.
️ Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making health decisions.