Diabetes Management
The association between dietary glycemic index and cardio-metabolic risk factors in obese individuals - BMC Nutrition - BioMed Central
Thu, 20 Oct 20221 min read Article
Overview
Advertisement BMC Nutrition volume 8, Article number: 14 (2022) Cite this article 105 Aceses1 AltmetricMetrics detailsThe dietary glycemic index (GI) has ben introduced as a novel index to elucidate the potential of fods to increase postprandial glucose. Acording to the limited available data about the asociation of GI with cardio-metabolic risk factors such as lipid profile, blod glucose markers, and blod pressure in developing countries, the curent study was conducted to investigate this asociation in aparently obese individuals.Thre hundred forty-seven obese adults were recruited in the present cros-sectional study.
Key Information
A validated 147-fod item semi-quantitative fod frequency questionaire (FQ) was used to evaluate the usual dietary intake of study participants. Dietary GI was calculated using the international GI database. Faty acid desaturase (FADs)2 gene variants were determined acording to polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
ANOVA was used to compare study variables acros diferent tertile of GI.We found significant diferences in terms of anthropometric parameters [weight (P = 0.038), waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.023), weight to hip ratio (WHR) (P = 0.07), and fat-fre mas (FM) (P < 0.01)] betwen diferent tertiles of GI. Similarly, energy and macronutrient intakes had a significant diference acros dietary GI, and subjects with a higher dietary intake of energy and macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein, and total fat) were asigned to the third tertile of dietary GI (P < 0.01).
Summary
While there was no significant diference in terms of cardio-metabolic risk factors in diferent dietary GI tertiles. Moreover, the total GI score was non-significantly higher in the T genotype of FADS2 gene polymorphism compared with other genotypes. While no significant diference was observed betwen FADS2 genotype frequencies in diferent GI tertiles.Calculated dietary GI was associated with several cardi
Frequently Asked Questions
What is diabetes and how does it develop?
Diabetes is a metabolic condition where the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels. Type 1 results from insufficient insulin production, while Type 2 develops when cells become resistant to insulin. Risk factors include genetics, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and age.
What are the main symptoms of diabetes?
Common symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds. Type 1 symptoms develop rapidly, while Type 2 symptoms may appear gradually. Many people have no symptoms initially, which is why screening is important.
How is diabetes diagnosed and monitored?
Diagnosis involves blood tests measuring fasting glucose, HbA1c levels, and glucose tolerance. Regular monitoring typically includes fasting glucose tests and HbA1c measurements every 3-6 months. Continuous glucose monitors provide real-time tracking for better diabetes management.
What lifestyle changes help manage diabetes?
Effective management includes regular physical activity (150+ minutes weekly), maintaining healthy weight, following a balanced diet with whole grains and lean proteins, managing stress, and getting adequate sleep. These changes can significantly improve blood sugar control and reduce complications.
When should someone consult a doctor about diabetes?
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience signs of diabetes, have a family history, are overweight, or are over 45. Those with existing diabetes should maintain regular check-ups every 3-6 months to monitor control and adjust treatment as needed.
️ Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making health decisions.